How Many Sets Of Chromosomes In Animal Liver Cell

The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of diverse plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms. This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known every bit the karyotype,^{[2] [3] [4]} and can be institute by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope. Attention is paid to their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, whatsoever differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics.^[5] The grooming and written report of karyotypes is role of cytogenetics.

Organism
(Scientific name) Chromosome number Picture Karyotype Notes Source Jack jumper ant
(Myrmecia pilosula) 2/1 2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible. Other pismire species have more chromosomes.^{[half dozen] [half dozen]} Spider mite
(Tetranychidae) 4–xiv Spider mites (family Tetranychidae) are typically haplodiploid (males are haploid, while females are diploid)^{[7] [vii]} Cricotopus sylvestris 4 ^[8] Oikopleura dioica 6 ^[nine] Xanthous fever mosquito
(Aedes aegypti) half-dozen The 2n=six chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae, except in Chagasia bathana, which has 2n=eight.^{[x] [10]} Indian muntjac
(Muntiacus muntjak) 6/vii 2n = six for females and vii for males. The lowest diploid chromosomal number in mammals.^{[11] [12]} Hieracium 8 Fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster) 8 half dozen autosomal and 2 allosomic (sex) ^[13] Macrostomum lignano 8 ^[14] Marchantia polymorpha nine Typically haploid with ascendant gametophyte stage. 8 autosomes and 1 allosome (sex chromosome). The sex-determination system used by this species and well-nigh other bryophytes is chosen UV. Spores tin can behave either the U chromosome, which results in female person gametophytes, or the V chromosome, which results in males. The chromosome number n = nine is the basic number in many species of Marchantiales. In some species of Marchantiales, plants with diverse ploidy levels (having xviii or 27 chromosomes) were reported, just this is rare in nature. ^[15] Thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana) 10 Swamp wallaby
(Wallabia bicolor) 10/11 xi for male, 10 for female ^[16] Australian daisy
(Brachyscome dichromosomatica) 12 This species tin can have more B chromosomes than A chromosomes at times, just 2n=4. ^[17] Nematode
(Caenorhabditis elegans) 12/11 12 for hermaphrodites, 11 for males Spinach
(Spinacia oleracea) 12 ^[18] Wide bean
(Vicia faba) 12 ^[19] Yellow dung fly
(Scathophaga stercoraria) 12 10 autosomal and 2 allosomic (sex) chromosomes. Males take XY sex activity chromosomes and females have Twenty sex chromosomes. The sexual practice chromosomes are the largest chromosomes and plant xxx% of the total length of the diploid fix in females and about 25% in males.^{[20] [xx]} Slime mold
(Dictyostelium discoideum) 12 ^[21] Cucumber
(Cucumis sativus) 14 ^[22] Tasmanian devil
(Sarcophilus harrisii) 14 Rye
(Secale cereale) xiv ^[23] Pea
(Pisum sativum) 14 ^[23] Barley
(Hordeum vulgare) 14 ^[24] Aloe vera fourteen The diploid chromosome number is 2n = 14 with 4 pair of long acrocentric chromosomes ranging from 14.4 μm to 17.9 μm and 3 pair of short sub metacentric chromosomes ranging from iv.six μm to five.4 μm.^{[25] [25]} Koala
(Phascolarctos cinereus) 16 Kangaroo 16 This includes several members of genus Macropus, simply not the scarlet kangaroo (K. rufus, 20) ^[26] Botryllus schlosseri 16 ^[27] Schistosoma mansoni sixteen 2n=xvi. 7 autosomal pairs and ZW sexual practice-decision pair.^{[28] [28]} Welsh onion
(Allium fistulosum) xvi ^[29] Garlic
(Allium sativum) 16 ^[29] Crawling mite
(Sarcoptes scabiei) 17/18 According to the observation of embryonic cells of egg, chromosome number of the itch mite is either 17 or 18. While the cause for the disparate numbers is unknown, it may arise because of an XO sex determination mechanism, where males (2n=17) lack the sex chromosome and therefore have one less chromosome than the female (2n=18).^{[30] [thirty]} Radish
(Raphanus sativus) xviii ^[23] Carrot
(Daucus carota) xviii The genus Daucus includes around 25 species. D. carota has 9 chromosome pairs (2n = 2x = xviii). D. capillifolius, D. sahariensis and D. syrticus are the other members of the genus with 2n = 18, whereas D. muricatus (2n = 20) and D. pusillus (2n = 22) take a slightly higher chromosome number. A few polyploid species equally for example D. glochidiatus (2n = 4x = 44) and D. montanus (2n = 6x = 66) also be.^{[31] [31]} Cabbage
(Brassica oleracea) eighteen Broccoli, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower are however species and have the same chromosome number.^{[23] [23]} Citrus
(Citrus) 18 Chromosome number of the genus Citrus, which including lemons, oranges, grapefruit, pomelo and limes, is 2n = 18.^{[32] [33]} Passion fruit
(Passiflora edulis) eighteen ^[34] Setaria viridis
(Setaria viridis) 18 ^[35] Maize
(Zea mays) twenty ^[23] Cannabis
(Cannabis sativa) twenty Western clawed frog
(Xenopus tropicalis) 20 ^[36] Australian bullpen plant
(Cephalotus follicularis) xx ^[37] Cacao
(Theobroma cacao) 20 ^[38] Eucalyptus
(Eucalyptus) 22 Although some contradictory cases take been reported, the large homogeneity of the chromosome number 2n = 22 is now known for 135 (33.5%) distinct species among genus Eucalyptus.^{[39] [40]} Virginia opossum
(Didelphis virginiana) 22 ^[41] Edible bean
(Phaseolus sp.) 22 All species in the genus Phaseolus accept the same chromosome number, including common bean (P. vulgaris), runner bean (P. coccineus), tepary bean (P. acutifolius) and lima bean (P. lunatus).^{[23] [23]} Snail 24 Melon
(Cucumis melo) 24 ^[42] Rice
(Oryza sativa) 24 ^[23] Silverleaf nightshade
(Solanum elaeagnifolium) 24 ^[43] Sweet chestnut
(Castanea sativa) 24 ^[44] Lycopersicon esculentum
(Solanum lycopersicum) 24 ^[45] European beech
(Fagus sylvatica) 24 ^[46] Bittersweet nightshade
(Solanum dulcamara) 24 ^{[47] [48]} Cork oak
(Quercus suber) 24 ^[49] Edible frog
(Pelophylax kl. esculentus) 26 Edible frog is the fertile hybrid of the pool frog and the marsh frog.^{[l] [51]} Axolotl
(Ambystoma mexicanum) 28 ^[52] Bed bug
(Cimex lectularius) 29–47 26 autosomes and varying number of the sex chromosomes from three (X₁X₂Y) to 21 (X₁X₂Y+xviii extra Xs).^{[53] [53]} Pill millipede
(Arthrosphaera magna attems) 30 ^[54] Giraffe
(Giraffa camelopardalis) thirty ^[55] American mink
(Neogale vison) 30 Pistachio
(Pistacia vera) 30 ^[56] Japanese oak silkmoth (Antheraea yamamai) 31

^[57] Baker's yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 32 European honey bee
(Apis mellifera) 32/16 32 for females (2n = 32), males are haploid and thus take 16 (1n =16).^{[58] [58]} American annoy
(Taxidea taxus) 32 Alfalfa
(Medicago sativa) 32 Cultivated alfalfa is tetraploid, with 2n=4x=32. Wild relatives have 2n=16.^{[23] : 165 [23]} Ruby-red fox
(Vulpes vulpes) 34 Plus 0-8 B chromosomes. ^[59] Sunflower
(Helianthus annuus) 34 ^[60] Porcupine
(Erethizon dorsatum) 34 ^[61] Globe artichoke
(Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) 34 ^[62] Yellow mongoose
(Cynictis penicillata) 36 Tibetan sand fox
(Vulpes ferrilata) 36 Starfish
(Asteroidea) 36 Red panda
(Ailurus fulgens) 36 Meerkat
(Suricata suricatta) 36 Cassava
(Manihot esculenta) 36 ^[63] Long-nosed cusimanse
(Crossarchus obscurus) 36 Earthworm
(Lumbricus terrestris) 36 African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis) 36 ^[36] Waterwheel institute
(Aldrovanda vesiculosa) 38 ^[37] Tiger
(Panthera tigris) 38 Sea otter
(Enhydra lutris) 38 Sable
(Martes zibellina) 38 Raccoon
(Procyon lotor) 38 ^[64] Pino marten
(Martes martes) 38 Pig
(Sus) 38 Oriental small-clawed otter
(Aonyx cinerea) 38 Lion
(Panthera leo) 38 Fisher
(Pekania pennanti) 38 a type of marten European mink
(Mustela lutreola) 38 Coatimundi 38 Cat
(Felis catus) 38 Beech marten
(Martes foina) 38 Baja California ratsnake
(Bogertophis rosaliae) 38 ^[65] American marten
(Martes americana) 38 Trans-Pecos ratsnake
(Bogertophis subocularis) 40 ^[66] Mouse
(Mus musculus) 40 ^[67] Mango
(Mangifera indica) 40 ^[23] Hyena
(Hyaenidae) 40 Ferret
(Mustela furo) xl European polecat
(Mustela putorius) 40 American beaver
(Brush canadensis) 40 Peanut
(Arachis hypogaea) 40 Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = forty). Its closest relatives are the diploid (2n = 2x = 20).^{[68] [68]} Wolverine
(Gulo gulo) 42 Wheat
(Triticum aestivum) 42 This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var. durum, and is a tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.^{[23] [23]} Rhesus monkey
(Macaca mulatta) 42 ^[69] Rat
(Rattus norvegicus) 42 ^[70] Oats
(Avena sativa) 42 This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist.^{[23] [23]} Giant panda
(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 42 Fossa
(Cryptoprocta ferox) 42 European rabbit
(Oryctolagus cuniculus) 44 Eurasian badger
(Meles meles) 44 Moon jellyfish
(Aurelia aurita) 44 ^[71] Dolphin
(Delphinidae) 44 Arabian java
(Coffea arabica) 44 Out of the 103 species in the genus Coffea, arabica coffee is the just tetraploid species (2n = 4x = 44), the remaining species beingness diploid with 2n = 2x = 22.^[72] Reeves's muntjac
(Muntiacus reevesi) 46 Human being
(Human being sapiens) 46 44 autosomal. and 2 allosomic (sexual activity) ^[73] Nilgai
(Boselaphus tragocamelus) 46 ^[74] Parhyale hawaiensis 46 ^[75] Water buffalo (swamp blazon)
(Bubalus bubalis) 48 Tobacco
(Nicotiana tabacum) 48 Cultivated species N. tabacum is an amphidiploid (2n=4x=48) evolved through the interspecific hybridization of the ancestors of N. sylvestris (2n=2x=24, maternal donor) and N. tomentosiformis (2n=2x=24, paternal donor) nigh 200,000 years agone.^{[76] [76]} Irish potato
(Solanum tuberosum) 48 This is for common white potato Solanum tuberosum (tetraploid, 2n = 4x = 48). Other cultivated irish potato species may exist diploid (2n = 2x = 24), triploid (2n = 3x = 36), tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48), or pentaploid (2n = 5x = sixty).^[77] Wild relatives mostly have 2n=24.^{[23] [77]} Orangutan
(Pongo) 48 Hare
(Lepus) 48 ^{[78] [79]} Gorilla
(Gorilla) 48 Deer mouse
(Peromyscus maniculatus) 48 Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes) 48 ^[eighty] Eurasian beaver
(Castor cobweb) 48 Zebrafish
(Danio rerio) l ^[81] Woodland hedgehogs
Erinaceus 48 ^[82] African hedgehogs
Atelerix 48 ^[83] Water buffalo (Riverine blazon)
(Bubalus bubalis) 50 Striped skunk
(Mephitis mephitis) 50 Pineapple
(Ananas comosus) l ^[23] Kit fox
(Vulpes macrotis) fifty Spectacled bear
(Tremarctos ornatus) 52 Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus) 52 Ten sex chromosomes. Males have X₁Y₁X₂Y₂X_iiiY₃X₄Y_fourX₅Y_v, females have X₁Ten_oneX_iiTen_twoTen_iiiTen₃10₄X_fourX_five10₅.^{[84] [85]} Upland cotton
(Gossypium hirsutum) 52 This is for the cultivated species G. hirsutum (allotetraploid, 2n=4x=52). This species accounts for 90% of the world cotton production. Among l species in the genus Gossypium, 45 are diploid (2n = 2x = 26) and 5 are allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 52).^{[86] [86]} Sheep
(Ovis aries) 54 Hyrax
(Hyracoidea) 54 Hyraxes were considered to be the closest living relatives of elephants,^[87] simply sirenians have been found to be more closely related to elephants. ^[88] Raccoon dog
(Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) 54 This number is for Chinese raccoon domestic dog (N. p. procyonoides), 2n=54+B(0–4). On the other mitt, Japanese raccoon dog (Northward. p. viverrinus) with 2n=38+B(0–8). Here, B represents B chromosome and its variation in the number between individuals.^{[89] [90] [89]} Capuchin monkey
(Cebinae) 54 ^[91] Silkworm
(Bombyx mori) 56 This is for the species mulberry silkworm, B. mori (2n=56). Probably more than than 99% of the globe'south commercial silk today come from this species.^[92] Other silk producing moths, called non-mulberry silkworms, have various chromosome numbers. (east.g. Samia cynthia with 2n=25–28,^[93] Antheraea pernyi with 2n=98.^[94]) ^[95] Strawberry
(Fragaria × ananassa) 56 This number is octoploid, primary cultivated species Fragaria × ananassa (2n = 8x = 56). In genus Fragaria, basic chromosome number is 7 (x = 7) and multiple levels of ploidy, ranging from diploid (2n = 2x = 14) to decaploid (F. iturupensis, 2n = 10x = 70), are known.^{[96] [96]} Gaur
(Bos gaurus) 56 Elephant
(Elephantidae) 56 †Woolly mammoth
(Mammuthus primigenius) 58 extinct; tissue from a frozen carcass Domestic yak
(Bos grunniens) sixty Goat
(Capra hircus) 60 Cattle
(Bos taurus) threescore American bison
(Bison bison) 60 Sable antelope
(Hippotragus niger) lx ^[97] Bengal fox
(Vulpes bengalensis) threescore Gypsy moth
(Lymantria dispar dispar) 62 Ass
(Equus asinus) 62 Scarlet macaw
(Ara macao) 62–64 ^[98] Mule 63 semi-infertile (odd number of chromosomes – between donkey (62) and horse (64) makes meiosis much more difficult) Guinea hog
(Cavia porcellus) 64 Spotted skunk
(Spilogale x) 64 Horse
(Equus caballus) 64 Fennec flim-flam
(Vulpes zerda) 64 ^[99] Echidna
(Tachyglossidae) 63/64 63 (Ten_oneY₁10_twoY_twoX₃Y₃X₄Y₄X₅, male) and 64 (10₁X_oneX₂X₂Ten_threeTen_iiiX₄X₄X₅X_v, female)^[100] Chinchilla
(Chinchilla lanigera) 64 ^[61] Nine-banded armadillo
(Dasypus novemcinctus) 64 ^[101] Gray play tricks
(Urocyon cinereoargenteus) 66 ^[99] Cherry-red deer
(Cervus elaphus) 68 Elk (wapiti)
(Cervus canadensis) 68 Roadside militarist
(Rupornis magnirostris) 68 ^[102] White-tailed deer
(Odocoileus virginianus) 70 Black nightshade
(Solanum nigrum) 72 ^[103] Bat-eared play tricks
(Otocyon megalotis) 72 ^[99] Sunday bear
(Helarctos malayanus) 74 Sloth bear
(Melursus ursinus) 74 Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus) 74 Brown comport
(Ursus arctos) 74 Asian black conduct
(Ursus thibetanus) 74 American blackness deport
(Ursus americanus) 74 Bush-league domestic dog
(Speothos venaticus) 74 Maned wolf
(Chrysocyon brachyurus) 76 Greyness wolf
(Canis lupus) 78 Golden jackal
(Canis aureus) 78 ^[99] Dove
(Columbidae) 78 Based on African collared dove ^[104] Dog
(Canis familiaris) 78 Normal dog karyotype is composed of 38 pairs of acrocentric autosomes and two metacentric sex chromosomes.^{[105] [106] [107]} Dingo
(Dog) 78 ^[99] Dhole
(Cuon alpinus) 78 Coyote
(Canis latrans) 78 ^[99] Chicken
(Gallus gallus domesticus) 78 African wild dog
(Lycaon pictus) 78 ^[99] Tropical bullpen establish
(Nepenthes rafflesiana) 78 ^[37] Turkey
(Meleagris) 80 ^[108] Sugarcane
(Saccharum officinarum) 80 This is for Due south. officinarum (octoploid, 2n = eight× = 80).^[109] About lxx% of the world's sugar comes from this species.^[110] Other species in the genus Saccharum, collectively known as sugarcane, accept chromosome numbers in the range 2n=forty–128.^{[111] [109]} Pigeon
(Columbidae) 80 ^[112] Azure-winged magpie
(Cyanopica cyanus) eighty ^[113] Dandy white shark
(Carcharodon carcharias) 82 ^[114] Bloody geranium
(Geranium sanguineum) 84 ^[115] Moonworts
(Botrychium) ninety Grape fern
(Sceptridium) 90 Pittier's crab-eating rat
(Ichthyomys pittieri) 92 Previously idea to be the highest number in mammals, tied with Anotomys leander. ^[116] Prawn
(Penaeus semisulcatus) 86–92 ^[117] Aquatic rat
(Anotomys leander) 92 Previously thought to be the highest number in mammals, tied with Ichthyomys pittieri. ^[116] Kamraj (fern)
(Helminthostachys zeylanica) 94 Crucian bother
(Carassius carassius) 100 ^[118] Red viscacha rat
(Tympanoctomys barrerae) 102 Highest number known in mammals, thought to be a tetraploid^[119] or allotetraploid.^{[120] [121]} Walking catfish
(Clarias batrachus) 104 ^[122] American paddlefish
(Polyodon spathula) 120 ^[123] Limestone fern
(Gymnocarpium robertianum) 160 Tetraploid (2n = 4x = 160) ^[124] African baobab
(Adansonia digitata) 168 Besides known as the "tree of life". 2n = 4ten = 168 ^[125] Northern lamprey
(Petromyzontidae) 174 ^[126] Rattlesnake fern
(Botrypus virginianus) 184 ^[127] Ruby-red king crab
(Paralithodes camtschaticus) 208 Field horsetail
(Equisetum arvense) 216 Agrodiaetus butterfly
(Agrodiaetus shahrami) 268 This insect has 1 of the highest chromosome numbers among all animals. ^[128] Black mulberry
(Morus nigra) 308 Highest ploidy among plants, 22-ploid (twon = 2210 = 308)^{[129] [130]} Atlas blueish
(Polyommatus atlantica) 448-452 2n = c.  448–452. Highest number of chromosomes in the non-polyploid eukaryotic organisms.^{[131] [131]} Adders-tongue
(Ophioglossum) 1260 n=120–720 with a loftier degree of polyploidization^[132] Ophioglossum reticulatum n=720 in hexaploid species, 2n=1260 in decaploid species ^[133] Ciliated protozoa
(Tetrahymena thermophila) ten (in micronucleus) 50x = 12,500 (in macronucleus, except minichromosomes)
10,000x = 10,000 (macronuclear minichromosomes)^[134] Ciliated protozoa
(Oxytricha trifallax) 16,000^[135] Macronuclear "nanochromosomes"; ampliploid. MAC chromosomes × 1900 ploidy level = 2.964 × 10^seven chromosomes ^{[136] [137] [138]}

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organisms_by_chromosome_count

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